When I was little, my mum told me not to swallow chewing gum. I asked why, and the reason she gave me was totally unsatisfactory, or at least kind of partial. Like: "Because your stomach can't digest it." To 6-year-old me, that was just not satisfying as an explanation. The same with toothpaste.
So in my head I imagined that everybody's stomach has lots of different compartments, each for a different type of food. There'd be one for peas, one for roast beef, one for spaghetti, etc. But things that aren't food don't have their own compartment. So when you swallowed chewing gum, the whole system would get messed up because the gum wouldn't know where to go.
This theory also had the nice benefit of explaining why you've always got room for pudding :o)
A childhood belief about eating

others believed things like this
- my mom made me believe that if i swallowed my chewing gum, it would form one big wad in my stomach.— mimi
- If you swallowed chewing gum it would make a balloon inside you and your stomach would explodeAnon
- I used to believe that if I swallow chewing gum, a rubber tree will grow on my head!— Farry Aprianto
- We put food in our mouths, so naturally I believed my stomach was in my head.— Timb
- My grandpa told me when I was little that if you swallow chewing gum your butt will be sticky— Lili
- when I was seven my brother told me that if I swallowed chewing gum my arm would drop off.— john